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Natural Guide for Hypothyroidism

Understanding Hypothyroidism


Hypothyroidism is a condition characterized by an underactive thyroid gland, which fails to produce sufficient thyroid hormones necessary for regulating the body's metabolism. It affects approximately 4.6% of the U.S. population aged 12 and older, with a higher prevalence in women and older adults. Managing hypothyroidism involves understanding its root causes and adopting a holistic approach for effective management.


African American woman touching the area of her thyroid

Root Causes of Hypothyroidism


  • Autoimmune Thyroiditis (Hashimoto's Disease) is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in developed countries

  • Iodine deficiency remains a significant cause of hypothyroidism worldwide, though less common in developed countries

  • Chronic stress can significantly impact thyroid function through various mechanisms

  • Poor diet and nutritional deficiencies can impair thyroid hormone production and conversion

  • Environmental toxins can disrupt thyroid function and contribute to hypothyroidism

  • Hormonal imbalances in the endocrine system can affect thyroid function

  • Gut dysbiosis plays a significant role in thyroid function and overall health

  • Thyroid surgery or radiation treatment can lead to hypothyroidism

  • Certain medications can interfere with thyroid function or hormone production

  • Excessive iodine intake can paradoxically lead to hypothyroidism

  • Pituitary gland disorders, which regulates thyroid can lead to secondary hypothyroidism


Signs and Symptoms


  • Primary Symptoms: Fatigue, weight gain, and sensitivity to cold are hallmark symptoms of hypothyroidism.

  • Secondary Symptoms: Mood changes (such as depression), digestive issues like constipation, dry skin, hair loss, and joint pain.

  • Less Common Symptoms: Hoarseness, puffy face, slowed heart rate, and impaired memory.

  • When to Seek Immediate Medical Attention: If symptoms are severe, rapidly worsening, or accompanied by chest pain, severe dizziness, or shortness of breath.


Key Facts About Hypothyroidism


  • Affects about 4.6% of the U.S. population, with higher prevalence in women and older adults.

  • Often misdiagnosed or overlooked due to its subtle and gradual symptom onset.

  • Can impact multiple body systems, including cardiovascular, reproductive, and nervous systems.

  • Lifestyle factors, such as diet, stress, and environmental toxins, may influence the severity and management of symptoms.

  • Research shows a strong link between autoimmune diseases, leaky gut (increased intestinal permeability), and food allergies.

  • A UK study found that areas with fluoride in drinking water had more cases of known hypothyroidism. We don't know why this happens. It's unclear if lower levels of iodine and selenium in these areas contribute to more hypothyroidism cases.

  • Proper diagnosis involves comprehensive thyroid function tests, including TSH, Free T4, and sometimes Free T3 levels.


Herbs for Hypothyroidism


  • Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera): 500-600 mg standardized extract, twice daily. Supports T4 production and improves T4 to T3 conversion.

  • Guggul (Commiphora mukul): 25 mg of guggulsterones, three times daily. May stimulate thyroid function and support T3 production.

  • Bladderwrack (Fucus vesiculosus): 600-1000 mg daily (use under practitioner guidance). Rich source of iodine for thyroid hormone production.

  • Coleus (Coleus forskohlii): 50-100 mg of forskolin, twice daily. May stimulate thyroid hormone production and increase metabolic rate.


Beneficial Supplements for Hypothyroidism


  • Selenium: 200-400 mcg daily. Aids in the conversion of thyroid hormones and helps reduce inflammation.

  • Zinc: 30-50 mg daily. Essential for thyroid hormone synthesis and metabolism.

  • Vitamin D: 2000-5000 IU daily. Aim for blood levels of 50-80 ng/mL.

  • Iodine: 150-300 mcg daily (use caution, as excess can worsen thyroid function).

  • L-Tyrosine: 500-1500 mg daily, on an empty stomach. Precursor to thyroid hormones.

  • Omega-3 fatty acids: 1000-2000 mg EPA/DHA daily. Supports overall thyroid health.


Lifestyle Tips for Hypothyroidism Support


  • Engage in regular, moderate exercise to support cardiovascular health and maintain a healthy weight.

  • Follow a nutrient-dense, whole-food diet, rich in thyroid-supportive nutrients like iodine, selenium, and zinc.

  • Ensure proper sleep—aim for 7-9 hours a night to support overall health and hormone regulation.

  • Manage stress through techniques like meditation, yoga, and deep breathing exercises.

  • Minimize exposure to environmental toxins by choosing organic produce and using natural personal care products.

  • Consider working with a healthcare professional to develop a personalized treatment plan that may include both conventional and complementary approaches.



References


American Thyroid Association. (2022). Hypothyroidism (Underactive). https://www.thyroid.org/hypothyroidism/


Braverman, L. E., & Cooper, D. S. (2012). Werner & Ingbar's The Thyroid: A Fundamental and Clinical Text (10th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.


Chaker, L., Bianco, A. C., Jonklaas, J., & Peeters, R. P. (2017). Hypothyroidism. The Lancet, 390(10101), 1550-1562. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30703-1


Garber, J. R., Cobin, R. H., Gharib, H., Hennessey, J. V., Klein, I., Mechanick, J. I., Pessah-Pollack, R., Singer, P. A., & Woeber, K. A. (2012). Clinical practice guidelines for hypothyroidism in adults: Cosponsored by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American Thyroid Association. Thyroid, 22(12), 1200-1235. https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2012.0205


Hechtman, L. (2020). Clinical Naturopathic Medicine. Elsevier Health Sciences.


Jonklaas, J., Bianco, A. C., Bauer, A. J., Burman, K. D., Cappola, A. R., Celi, F. S., Cooper, D. S., Kim, B. W., Peeters, R. P., Rosenthal, M. S., & Sawka, A. M. (2014). Guidelines for the treatment of hypothyroidism: Prepared by the American Thyroid Association task force on thyroid hormone replacement. Thyroid, 24(12), 1670-1751. https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2014.0028


Pizzorno, J. E., Murray, M. T., & Joiner-Bey, H. (2016). The Clinician's Handbook of Natural Medicine (3rd ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences.


Romijn, J. A., Smit, J. W., & Lamberts, S. W. (2003). Intrinsic imperfections of endocrine replacement therapy. European Journal of Endocrinology, 149(2), 91-97.


Ross, D. S., Burch, H. B., Cooper, D. S., Greenlee, M. C., Laurberg, P., Maia, A. L., Rivkees, S. A., Samuels, M., Sosa, J. A., Stan, M. N., & Walter, M. A. (2016). 2016 American Thyroid Association Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Hyperthyroidism and Other Causes of Thyrotoxicosis. Thyroid, 26(10), 1343-1421. https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2016.0229


Wiersinga, W. M. (2014). Thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Hormone Research in Paediatrics, 82(1), 38-46. https://doi.org/10.1159/000365407



 

DISCLAIMER: The information provided in this article is for educational purposes only and should not be considered as medical advice. This content is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional before making any changes to your health regimen, especially if you have a medical condition or are taking medications. The author and publisher of this content are not responsible for any adverse effects or consequences resulting from the use of any suggestions, preparations, or procedures described in this article. Readers are advised to use their own judgment and seek professional medical advice when necessary.

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